5G专用网络以帮助扩展物联网
想象瑞典乡村的大型造纸厂。它是相当孤立的，位于一个距离最近的城镇近30英里的小镇上，距铁路场和木材存储近一英里，另一端是生产设施和配送中心。现在，想象一下，您想实现一个物联网解决方案，以监视整个工厂现场的饲料木材和成品中的湿度水平。
However, this can become a challenge. How will you transmit the data in such a far-flung place? Wi-Fi could work, but would require significant upfront investment in infrastructure such as fiber lines, routers and access points. Unlicensed spectrum options such as LoRa or LPWAN could face the same challenges. You might try local LTE cellular servicebut it probably wouldn’t be up to the task of handling such significant amounts of data in a remote area. The paper mill — with tons of metal framing and machinery that attenuate or block cell signals — is also a poor candidate for a local cell network.
Not too long ago, this paper mill would simply have had to do without IoT. But there might be a new option for previously unconnected areas and industries with the help of 5G private networks.
What’s a private 5G network?
私人5G网络本质上是一个独立于主要公共网络的标准5G蜂窝网络。尽管大多数5G新闻报道倾向于在移动设备或更丰富的游戏上更快地宣传视频流，但5G专用网络可能是彻底改变物联网更复杂的业务案例的关键。
“明天5G将推动您的关键业务，” Vodafone IoT首席技术官Jorge Bento说。
一切近年来5G聊天，为什么我们不听到有关私人网络的更多信息？简短的答案是，到目前为止，他们还没有准备好黄金时段。最新的5G标准（例如第16条）于6月在线上线，带来了新功能，可以使5G替换企业长期以来依赖的私人以太网，WiFi和其他网络。
通过将增强功能与自定义设置的灵活性相结合，5G专用网络可以为企业提供解决艰难物联网用例所需的性能和可靠性。增强5G功能的一些示例包括：
低潜伏期。5G网络现在提供少于20毫秒的延迟，这对于增强现实or virtual reality applications. In terms of ultra-low latency applications such as remote surgery or navigating robots within a factory, 5G networks offer less than 5 millisecond latency. To put this into perspective, the average human reaction time is about 250 milliseconds. This means that your 5G network can respond more than 50 times faster than a human, and it never requires a break.
High reliability.缺乏停机时间是5G的另一个主要优势。随着可靠性接近99.9999％的正常工作，现在5G可以成为甚至有线用例的可行替代品。
可自定义的规则。5G专用网络带来了自己的优势，例如能够设定规则以优先考虑网络流量。有了这样的规则，有关待处理机器故障的关键警告消息不会陷入常规状态消息的大量后面。
内置安全性。Security is only as strong as its weakest link, and an advantage of 5G private networks is beingable to control securityall the way down to the silicon. Top-end encryption or data controls might do little to protect sensitive data if they’re run on vulnerable hardware; just think about all those WiFi routes with guest as the default password. For use cases that handle sensitive data, reliance on security settings solely at the application layer might not cut it.私人5G可以更好地控制安全性不仅在应用程序层，还通过网络，云或其他服务提供商一直到硬件级别，以保持业务速度并保护敏感数据。
为什么5G专用网络很重要
为什么私人5G网络如此重要，以及它们可以帮助解决什么样的物联网用例？这里有些可能会改变您对工业物联网的看法：
端口。众所周知，港口是技术的艰难地形。这是因为港口是大的开放空间，充满了可以移动的金属，这对大多数传统的广播通信而言是个坏消息。从起重机到运输容器再到卡车，几乎所有港口中的所有内容都在某个时间点上运动，使无线通信尤其难以进行和物联网用例例如跟踪日常维护的资产或执行智能合约难以执行。由于5G使用了新的无线电波形，因此专用网络可以在挑战4G和Wi-Fi的金属整整整整环境中工作。5G的更大带宽和网络切片功能也意味着它可以跟踪大面积的数千个项目的运动。
Factory robotics.机器人实施不断增长，机器人需要大量有关其环境的数据，以保持任务并保持与人类同事的安全距离。用于传输此物联网数据的Wi-Fi通常在密集的工厂环境中具有阴影或死点，而其他无线技术无法满足带宽或行驶机器人继续移动所需的延迟要求。与Wi-Fi相比，较少的死点和比4G或LTE更好的精度，5G可以在精确的10厘米内支持精确的机器人导航和定位。
在偏远地区的临时工作。除了低潜伏期和高带宽外，私有5G网络的另一个优点是它们可以暂时。考虑操作在偏远地区设置一次只有几个星期，例如伐木站点。临时或远程工作设置无需放弃行业4.0：只需部署临时的5G专用网络，然后在工人回家时将其收拾好。这甚至使最遥远的操作也能够跟踪和维护机械，准确地将地理围栏记录在哪里，并在木材中添加智能标签，以便可以将其跟踪和验证为可持续收获。
如何开始？
How can you get started with a private 5G network? First, evaluate your need: not every use case requires 5G. There are many different communication options out there, and it might not be worth paying for the high performance 5G provides unless you really need it. Next,找到可靠的合作伙伴.
“It’s not about one or two partners; find an ecosystem of players to come together. And don’t start at the tower, go all the way to the silicon level to make sure you have the right solution for you,” said Jeff Miles, VP of Business Development Secure IoT and Cloud at NXP Semiconductor.
Finally, never stop exploring. 5G might open up new opportunities; but first you need to find them!
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